1. Mechanics: Motion, Work, Energy, and Power
- Equations of Motion: \(v = u + at\), \(s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2\), \(v^2 = u^2 + 2as\).
- Newton's Second Law: Force \(F = ma\).
- Work Done: \(W = F \times d\). Kinetic Energy \(E_k = \frac{1}{2}mv^2\). Potential Energy \(E_p = mgh\).
Worked Example (Ohm's Law in Electricity):
Formula: Voltage \(V = I \times R\).
Question: A resistor of 6 \(\Omega\) carries a current of 2 A. Calculate the potential difference across it.
Solution: \(V = 2 \times 6 = \mathbf{12\text{ V}}\).
Formula: Voltage \(V = I \times R\).
Question: A resistor of 6 \(\Omega\) carries a current of 2 A. Calculate the potential difference across it.
Solution: \(V = 2 \times 6 = \mathbf{12\text{ V}}\).
2. Waves, Sound, and Light
Wave Equation: \(v = f \lambda\) (where \(v\) is speed in m/s, \(f\) is frequency in Hz, and \(\lambda\) is wavelength in m). Refraction of Light: Snell's Law \(n = \frac{\sin i}{\sin r}\).
3. Electricity & Magnetism
Know series circuits (\(R_{\text{total}} = R_1 + R_2\)) vs parallel circuits (\(\frac{1}{R_{\text{total}}} = \frac{1}{R_1} + \frac{1}{R_2}\)). Understand transformer equation \(\frac{V_p}{V_s} = \frac{N_p}{N_s}\).